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[A Leader's Guide to Motivation 3] Expectation and Motivation

When discussing what drives human action, we often look to the past first. We assume that past wounds, deficiencies, or unfulfilled needs push people from behind. But is human drive truly governed only by the past pushing us forward? Perhaps what pulls an individual, a team, or a community most powerfully is an unseen future—a vision of the tomorrow that lies ahead. Among the various theories on..

[A Leader's Guide to Motivation 2] Need and Motivation

IntroductionWhat actually moves a person to act? Nearly every theory of motivation eventually circles back to this single question. Whether one turns to Clayton Alderfer's ERG theory, Frederick Herzberg's two-factor theory, or David McClelland's theory of achievement motivation, their underlying frameworks trace back, in large part, to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs[i]. If we want to unders..